Obsessive Compulsive disorder
Template:Use American English Template:Infobox medical condition (new) Matenda a muubongo ochititsa munthu kuchita zinthu mobwerezabwereza [Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD)] ali m’gulu la matenda a maganizo amene amachititsa munthu kuchita zinthu zinazake mobwerezabwereza (kukhala ndi "khalidwe"), kapena munthuyo amakhala ndi maganizo enaake mobwerezabwereza ("chizolowezi").[1] Kwa nthawi yaitali ndithu, anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli amalephera kulamulira maganizo ndiponso zochita zawo. [1] Ambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa amakonda kusamba m’manja, kuwerenga zinthu, ndiponso kufufuza mobwerezabwereza kuti aone ngati chitseko chakhomedwa ndi loko.[1] Ena amakhala ndi vuto lotaya zinthu. [1] Anthu osiyanasiyana amachita zinthuzi pa mlingo wosiyanasiyananso, ndipo moyo watsiku ndi tsiku wa anthuwo umasokonezeka. [1] Nthawi yomwe munthu yemwe ali ndi vutoli amawononga akuchita zinthu mobwerezabwereza ingakhale yambiri ndithu mpaka kuposa ola limodzi patsiku. [2] Anthu akuluakulu ambiri omwe ali ndi matendawa amazindikira ndithu kuti khalidwe lawo lochita zinthu mobwerezabwereza ndi lachilendo. [1] Anthu amene ali matendawa nthawi zina angakhalenso ndi mavuto ena monga kusuntha kapena kunjenjemera mosalamulirika kwa mbali zina za thupi lawo, kuda nkhawa kwambiri, ndiponso kukhala pachiopsezo chachikulu chofuna kudzipha.[2][3]
Chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa sichikudziwika. [1] Koma zikuoneka kuti munthu angathe kuyamwira matendawa kuchokera kumtundu makamaka ngati ali mapasa ofanana koma mapasa omwe si ofanana sakhala pachiopsezo chachikulu choti angathe kuyamwira matendawa.[2] Zina mwa zochitika pamoyo wa munthu zimene zingayambitse matendawa zingakhale kuchitiridwa nkhanza uli mwana, kapenanso kukumana ndi zoopsa pamoyo.[2] Zikuonekanso kuti anthu ena amayamba kudwala matenda a OCD pambuyo poti anadwala matenda ena oyambitsidwa ndi tizilombo.[2] Madokotala amatha kudziwa kuti munthu ali ndi matenda a OCD akaona zizindikiro zimene munthuyo akusonyeza zomwe ndi zosiyana ndi zamatenda ena kapena za zotsatirapo za mankhwala amene munthu akumwa. [2] Masikelo oyezera zinthu zosiyanasiyana, monga ya Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pofuna kudziwa kukula kwa matendawa.[4] Matenda ena amene zizindikiro zake zingafanane ndi za OCD ndi matenda a nkhawa, matenda ovutika maganizo, matenda ovutika kudya, matenda ochititsa ziwala zina za thupi kusuntha kapena kunjenjemera mosalamulirika, ndiponso matenda ochititsa munthu kumasinthasintha khalidwe.[2]
Thandizo lomwe lingathandize munthu wodwala OCD ndi monga uphungu, monga wothandiza munthu kusintha khalidwe (CBT), ndiponso nthawi zina mankhwala a antidepressants monga selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) kapenanso clomipramine.[5][6] Wodwala amapatsidwa uphungu woti aziona kapena kukhala pafupi ndi zinthu zimene zimachititsa kuti OCD iyambe koma asamachite chilichonse. [5] Ngakhale kuti zikuoneka kuti mankhwala amathandiza kuti matendawa achepe, zikuonekanso kuti mankhwalawo amayambitsa mavuto ena aakulu, choncho wodwala angapatsidwe mankhwala pokhapokha ngati uphungu sukuthandiza. [5] Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala a Atypical antipsychotics angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwonjezera pa mankhwala a SSRI ngati wodwalayo akuoneka kuti akuvutika kwambiri, ngakhale kuti wodwalayo angakumanenso ndi mavuto ena obwera chifukwa cha mankhwalawo. [6][7] Ngati munthu sangalandire thandizo, akhoza kukhala ndi matendawa kwa zaka zambiri. [2]
Padziko lonse, 2.3 peresenti ya anthu amadwala kapena anadwalapo matenda a OCD pa nthawi inayake pa moyo wawo. [8] Ndipo anthu odwala matendawa chaka chilichonse ndi 1.2 peresenti. [2] Sizichitika kawirikawiri kuti munthu amene wayamba kudwala matendawa atafika zaka 35 azisonyeza zizindikiro zake; hafu ya odwala amayamba kusonyeza zizindikiro asanakwanitse zaka 20. [1][2] Matendawa amagwira amuna ndi akazi mofanana. [1] M’zilankhulo zina, nthawi zina mawu akuti kuchita zinthu mobwerezabwereza angagwiritsidwe ntchito pofotokoza zinthu zina zosakhudzana ndi matenda a OCD; mwina ponena za munthu yemwe amakonda kuchita zinthu zinazake, mosamala kwambiri mosafuna kulakwitsa, ndi mtima wonse, komanso mosalola kudodometsedwa.[9]
References
Sinthani- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) (January 2016). "What is Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?". U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH). Archived from the original on 23 July 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2016. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (help) - ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 (5 ed.). Washington: American Psychiatric Publishing. 2013. pp. 237–242. ISBN 978-0-89042-555-8.
- ↑ Angelakis, I; Gooding, P; Tarrier, N; Panagioti, M (25 March 2015). "Suicidality in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD): A systematic review and meta-analysis". Clinical Psychology Review. 39: 1–15. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2015.03.002. PMID 25875222.
- ↑ Fenske JN, Schwenk TL (August 2009). "Obsessive compulsive disorder: diagnosis and management". Am Fam Physician. 80 (3): 239–45. PMID 19621834. Archived from the original on 12 May 2014. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (help) - ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Grant JE (14 August 2014). "Clinical practice: Obsessive-compulsive disorder". The New England Journal of Medicine. 371 (7): 646–53. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp1402176. PMID 25119610.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Veale, D; Miles, S; Smallcombe, N; Ghezai, H; Goldacre, B; Hodsoll, J (29 November 2014). "Atypical antipsychotic augmentation in SSRI treatment refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis". BMC Psychiatry. 14: 317. doi:10.1186/s12888-014-0317-5. PMC 4262998. PMID 25432131.
- ↑ Decloedt EH, Stein DJ (2010). "Current trends in drug treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder". Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 6: 233–42. doi:10.2147/NDT.S3149. PMC 2877605. PMID 20520787.
- ↑ Goodman, WK; Grice, DE; Lapidus, KA; Coffey, BJ (September 2014). "Obsessive-compulsive disorder". The Psychiatric clinics of North America. 37 (3): 257–67. doi:10.1016/j.psc.2014.06.004. PMID 25150561.
- ↑ Bynum, W.F.; Porter, Roy; Shepherd, Michael (1985). "Obsessional Disorders: A Conceptual History. Terminological and Classificatory Issues.". The anatomy of madness : essays in the history of psychiatry. London: Routledge. pp. 166–187. ISBN 978-0-415-32382-6.
External links
Sinthani
- Template:Dmoz
- National Institute Of Mental Health
- American Psychiatric Association
- APA Division 12 treatment page for obsessive-compulsive disorder
- Davis, Lennard J. (2008). Obsession: A History. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-13782-7.
Template:Mental and behavioral disorders Template:Obsessive–compulsive disorder Template:OCD pharmacotherapies Script error: No such module "Authority control".