Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse

Nkhondo Yachiŵiri Yadziko Lonse (World War II, WWII kapena WW2), yomwe imatchedwanso Second World War ndipo, mu Soviet Union, Nkhondo Yaikulu Yachikristu, inali nkhondo yapadziko lonse yokhudzana kumenyana m'mayiko ambiri ndi m'mayiko ambiri. Mayiko ambiri anamenyana 1939-1945 koma ena anayamba kumenyana mu 1937. Ambiri mwa mayiko a dziko, kuphatikizapo mphamvu zonse, adagonjetsedwa monga mbali ya mgwirizano wa nkhondo: Allies ndi Axis Powers. Nkhondo yachiŵiri yapadziko lonse inali nkhondo yoopsa kwambiri m'mbiri yonse ya anthu. Zinaphatikizapo maiko ambiri, ndalama zambiri, ndikupha anthu ambiri kuposa nkhondo ina iliyonse m'mbiri ya anthu. Pakati pa anthu 50 mpaka 85 miliyoni anafa. Ambiri anali anthu wamba. Zinaphatikizapo kupha anthu, kupha anthu mwachangu kupha anthu, kupha mabomba, njala, matenda komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zida za nyukiliya.

Nkhondo ku Asia inayamba pamene ufumu wa Japan unaukira China pa 7 July 1937. United States inachititsa kuti dziko la Japan likhale ndi vuto la mafuta. Chiyambi cha nkhondo ku Ulaya ndi pamene Germany inagonjetsa Poland pa 1 September 1939. France ndi Britain adalengeza nkhondo ku Germany. Pofika m'chaka cha 1941, Ulaya ambiri ankalamulidwa ndi Germany. Dziko la Britain okha ndilo linapitirizabe kulimbana ndi Axis ku North Africa, Mediterranean, ndi Atlantic. Mu June 1941, mphamvu za Axis zinagonjetsa Soviet Union, kuyambira m'dera lalikulu kwambiri pa nkhondo. Pa December 7, 1941, dziko la Japan linagonjetsa mayiko a Kumadzulo ku Pacific ndipo nkhondo ziwirizo zinakhala chimodzi.

Kugonjetsa kwa Japan kunaimitsidwa mu 1942, ndipo kupambana kwa Axis ku Ulaya kunanenedwa ndi 1943, kumpoto kwa Africa ndi Soviet Union. Pambuyo pake, Allies anayamba kumenyana kuchokera kumbali zonse. Axis anagonjetsa North Africa ndipo, kuyambira 1943, anakakamizidwa kuteteza Italy. Mu 1944, Allies anaukira France, akupita ku Germany pa mtsinje wa Rhine, pamene Soviets anali kutseka kummawa. Germany anagonjera mu May 1945. Japan idapereka pa 2 Septembala 1945. Nkhondoyo inatha ndi mgwirizano wa Allied.

Nkhondo itatha, bungwe la United Nations linakhazikitsidwa kuti likhazikitse chithandizo pakati pa mayiko ndikuletsa nkhondo zam'tsogolo. Cold War pakati pa anthu opambanawo adayamba pomwepo, koma sanalimbane wina ndi mzake pankhondo yeniyeni. Kuwonongeka kwa Asia ndi Africa, kumene mayiko awo oyang'aniridwa ndi mayiko a ku Ulaya anapatsidwa ufulu wawo. Izi zinali chifukwa chakuti mphamvu za ku Ulaya zinafooka kuchokera ku nkhondo. Kusintha kwachuma ndi kuphatikizidwa kwa ndale (njira yogwirizanitsa mayiko) ndi zina mwa zotsatira za nkhondo.