Anxiety disorder
Matenda a nkhawa ali m’gulu la matenda a maganizo ndipo zizindikiro zaka n’zakuti munthu yemwe ali ndi matendawa amakhala ndi nkhawa yaikulu ndiponso mantha.[1] Munthu amene ali ndi matendawa amadera nkhawa kwambiri zinthu zimene zingachitike m’tsogolo komanso amaopa kwambiri zinthu zimene zikuchitika panopa.[1] Vutoli lingachititse munthu kuti ayambe kukhala ndi mavuto enanso monga kuthamanga kwa mtima ndiponso kunjenjemera kwa thupi. [1] Matenda a maganizo alipo magulu angapo, monga matenda a nkhawa, mantha oopa zinazake, nkhawa yolephera kuchita zinthu ndi anthu ena, nkhawa yochititsa munthu kumangodzipatula, kuopa zinthu zinazake, kupanikizika chifukwa cha mantha, komanso kuopa kulankhula pagulu.[1] Anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa amasonyezanso zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana.[1] Ndipo nthawi zambiri munthu amatha kukhala ndi mitundu ingapo ya matenda a maganizo.[1]
Pali zinthu zingapo zimene zimayambitsa matenda a nkhawa, monga kuyamwira matendawa komanso chifukwa cha zochitika pamoyo wa munthu.[2] Zina mwa zochitika pamoyo wa munthu zimene zingayambitse matendawa zingakhale kuchitiridwa nkhanza uli mwana, ngati achibale ena anadwalapo matenda a misala kapena nkhawa, ndiponso umphawi.[3] Kawirikawiri munthu amene ali ndi matenda a nkhawa amakhalanso ndi matenda ena a maganizo, makamaka matenda monga kuvutika maganizo kwambiri, kukhala wokhumudwa, komanso kukhala ndi vuto logwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.[3] Kuti munthu apezeke ndi matendawa, pamafunika padutse miyezi yosachepera pa 6 kuchokera pa nthawi imene matendawo anayamba ndipo pa nthawiyi zizindikiro zake zimakhala zitayamba kuonekera bwino. [1][3] Koma zizindikiro za matenda a nkhawa zimafanananso ndi zizindikiro za mavuto ena monga matenda a chithokomiro; matenda a mtima; khafini, kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa, kapena kusuta chamba ndiponso zizindikiro zimene zimakhalapo munthu akasiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala enaake amene anazolowera.[3][4]
Ngati munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda a nkhawa sangalandire thandizo, matendawo sangathe pawokha.[1][2] Matendawa akhoza kuchepa kapena kutheratu ngati wodwala atalandira uphungu, ndiponso ngati atalandira thandizo lakuchipatala.[3] Kawirikawiri uphungu umayendera limodzi ndi thandizo limene munthu angapatsidwe kuti asinthe khalidwe.[3] Ena mwa mankhwala amene amathandiza pa vuto la matenda a nkhawa ndi ma antidepressants, benzodiazepines, kapena beta blockers.[2]
Chaka chilichonse, anthu pafupifupi 12 pa 100 aliwonse amadwala matenda a nkhawa, ndipo anthu ena oyambira pa 5 mpaka 30 pa anthu 100 aliwonse amadwala matendawa pa nthawi inayake m’moyo wawo. [3][5] Vutoli ndi lofala kuwirikiza kawiri pa akazi poyerekezera ndi amuna, ndipo ambiri amayamba kuvutika ndi matendawa asanakwanitse n’komwe zaka 25. [1][3] Ambiri amasonyeza kuti ali ndi matendawa chifukwa chokhala ndi mantha onyanyira oopa zinthu zina ndipo anthu ake ndi ochuluka kufika pa 12 pa anthu 100 aliwonse, pamene anthu 10 pa 100 aliwonse amakhala ndi matenda a nkhawa owalepheretsa kuchita zinthu ndi anthu ena pa nthawi inayake m’moyo wawo. [3] Ambiri amene amadwala matendawa ndi anthu a zaka zoyambira pa 15 mpaka 35 ndipo matendawa si ofala pakati pa anthu oyambira zaka 55. [3] Zikuoneka kuti anthu ochuluka amene amadwala matendawa ndi a ku America komanso ku Ulaya.[3]
Zolemba Sinthani
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental DisordersAmerican Psychiatric Associati (5th ed.). Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing. 2013. pp. 189–195. ISBN 978-0890425558.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Anxiety Disorders". NIMH. March 2016. Archived from the original on 27 July 2016. Retrieved 14 August 2016. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (help) - ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 Craske, MG; Stein, MB (24 June 2016). "Anxiety". Lancet. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30381-6. PMID 27349358.
- ↑ Testa A, Giannuzzi R, Daini S, Bernardini L, Petrongolo L, Gentiloni Silveri N (2013). "Psychiatric emergencies (part III): psychiatric symptoms resulting from organic diseases" (PDF). Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci (Review). 17 Suppl 1: 86–99. PMID 23436670. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 March 2016. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (help)Template:Open access - ↑ Kessler (2007). "Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of mental disorders in the World Health Organization–s World Mental Health Survey Initiative". World Psychiatry. 6 (3): 168–76. PMC 2174588. PMID 18188442. Unknown parameter
|displayauthors=ignored (help)
External links Sinthani
- Khouzam, HR (March 2009). "Anxiety Disorders: Guidelines for Effective Primary Care. Part 1: Diagnosis". Consultant. 49 (3). Archived from the original on 2009-08-02. Retrieved 2018-12-12.
- Khouzam, HR (April 2009). "Anxiety Disorders: Guidelines for Effective Primary Care. Part 2: Treatment". Consultant. 49 (4). Archived from the original on 2013-06-28. Retrieved 2018-12-12.